"American Sniper kind of reminds me of the movie that's showing in the third act of Inglourious Basterds."
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Actor/writer/director/producer/comedian Seth Rogen. |
Following intense backlash from the far right and associated media (don't tell them, but there's actually a very substantial and influential conservative media empire), Rogen backtracked or perhaps more accurately, clarified his meaning with the following tweets:
"I just said something "kinda reminded" me of something else. I actually liked American Sniper. It just reminded me of the Tarantino scene."
"I wasn't comparing the two. Big difference between comparing or reminding. Apples remind me of oranges. Can't compare them, though."
"But if you were having a slow news day, you're welcome for me giving you the opportunity to blow something completely out of proportion."The "apples remind me of oranges" sentiment is kind of funny, but what was really interesting was his original statement more or less comparing AMERICAN SNIPER and INGLOURIOUS BASTERDS, coupled with the reaction. It was a surprisingly concise and fairly insightful review of the Clint Eastwood-directed biopic, whether Rogen intended it to be or not.
What is it that audiences have responded so strongly to in AMERICAN SNIPER? It's not particularly well-made, and some notable film critics have gone so far to declare it one of the worst movies of 2014. In terms of artistic merit, it might not quite deserve such a decisive label, but for a film that presents itself as a 'prestige picture', it is more than a little ridiculous. It's a movie that is severely hampered by a combination of cheesy and very poorly structured screenwriting, indifferent direction and aimless editing. It's quality has not made a dent in its box office success though, as the film shattered January box office records by grossing $107 million over the four-day Martin Luther King, Jr. Day weekend (compared to the vastly superior SELMA, a movie actually about Martin Luther King, Jr., which, to date, has only managed a modest $40 million). That's not just big for January. That would be big in the summer blockbuster season, and bigger than any opening weekend for any movie released in summer 2014 (not accounting for three-day and four-day weekend differences). It could be attributed to advertising, considering that its distributor, Warner Brothers, did a hell of a job selling their product, producing trailers that emphasize a sense of ambiguity and high-stakes intensity in the career of a U.S. military sniper in the Iraq War. But audience surveys by CinemaScore, which surveys opening day audiences in five randomly-chosen major cities across North America to determine audience demographics in regards to age and gender and how much and why they liked or disliked the film, rated the film an exceptional A+ (on an A+ to F letter grade system; a rating matched by SELMA). If nothing else, a positive CinemaScore indicates that the audiences most drawn in by the marketing campaign felt that they received a product as good or better than they expected. So audiences did not feel misled by the previews that were superior to the film itself.
For most mainstream audiences, it's most likely that they admire its hero. In any case, AMERICAN SNIPER doesn't show anything particularly heroic about its real-life subject, the late Chief Petty Officer Chris Kyle, at least, nothing that patriotic Germans in the 1940s wouldn't have found just as heroic in a movie like Nation's Pride. The primary interest that AMERICAN SNIPER holds in Kyle's life is the killing, 160 human beings, or as Kyle may have preferred, 160 "savages". That's not to disparage Kyle, who, in the film, in interviews and in his memoir, openly and unabashedly referred to the particular persons he killed as "savages". He actually described his first kill, a woman bearing a grenade, as being "already dead", while he made sure that she didn't take any Marines with her. It's dehumanizing, but it's also how a Navy SEAL like Kyle would be trained to see his targets, which is a question of morality in itself.
THE RESPONSE:
"Hollywood leftists: while caressing shiny plastic trophies you exchange among one another while spitting on the graves of freedom fighters who allow you to do what you do, just realize the rest of America knows you're not fit to shine Chris Kyle's combat boots."The words of former Alaskan governor-turned political pundit and Tea Party idol Sarah Palin, part of a statement on Facebook, posted the day after Rogen's initial tweet regarding AMERICAN SNIPER. Palin knew Kyle personally, and he performed security detail for her on occasion. [The Academy Award for Merit is comprised of gold-plated britannia metal, by the way.]
"Seth...I like your films, but right now, I wanna kick your ass. Chris is an American Hero. Period. Go to war. Then we'll talk."B-list actor Dean Cain, best known for Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman (1993-1997), who tweeted in response to Rogen. Cain was teamed up with Kyle for the short-lived NBC reality TV series, Stars Earn Stripes, in which celebrities paired with active of former members of the military would compete in challenges based on actual military training exercises. He has not, however, been a member of any of branch of the U.S. Armed Forces.
"You are fortunate to enjoy the privilege and freedom of working in and living in the United States, and saying whatever you want (regardless of how ignorant the statement) thanks to people like Chris Kyle who serve in the United States military. Your statement is inaccurate and insensitive to Chris and his family.Part of a Facebook post by country music singer and Army veteran Craig Morgan, addressed directly to Rogen.
I'm sick and tired of people like you running your mouth when you have no idea what it takes for this country to maintain our freedoms. If you and anyone like you don't like it, leave."
"Seth Rogen, your uncle probably molested you. I hope both of you catch a fist to the face soon."Part of a statement from singer-songwriter Kid Rock, "both" referring to documentarian Michael Moore as well, who tweeted a disparaging comment about snipers, but Moore is not pertinent to what I want to say.
"And what's super weird is that @KidRock IS my uncle."Seth Rogen's comeback to Kid Rock.
Multiple news and media outlets picked up on Rogen's initial tweet and then ran like hell with it, as Fox News accused Seth Rogen, identified as an "actor & liberal filmmaker," of "likening the film [AMERICAN SNIPER] to Nazi propaganda," and USA Today described Rogen as, "essentially comparing Eastwood's film to Nazi propaganda." My personal favorite was the fiercely hard-line conservative news site Breitbart, which went with the headline: "Seth Rogen: American Sniper is Equal to Nazi Propaganda," and then went on to call AMERICAN SNIPER a "patriotic masterpiece" and Rogen "grossly overweight." Yeesh.
CHRIS KYLE, THE MAN AND HIS MYTH
I don't know too much about Kyle personally. The movie encouraged me to read up on him and watch a lot of interviews, mainly because Kyle, while well portrayed by Bradley Cooper, was such a dull and unpleasant movie character. As a movie character, strictly speaking, Kyle is not believable; he's a boy scout without a conscience and an approximately 160-person body count. In interviews he gave prior to his death in 2013, publicizing his books; American Sniper: The Autobiography of the Most Lethal Sniper in U.S. Military History, co-written with Scott McEwen and Jim DeFlice and adapted for AMERICAN SNIPER, and American Gun: A History of the U.S. in Ten Firearms, co-written with William Doyle; Kyle is friendly and confident but soft-spoken, with a quiet sort of charisma. He spoke in a soft Texan accent, regularly addressing the interviewer, whether it be Conan O'Brien, Bill O'Reilly or Belinda Luscombe, as either "sir" or "ma'am". There's very little to dislike in Kyle as he presented himself to the press, excepting the reinforcement of his less savory writing, such as defending the use of wording like "savages". But between television and radio appearances, interviews with magazines and other personal statements made by Kyle, a split portrait appears of two very different men, and neither to stake a stronger claim on the truth.
In 2012, Kyle commented on an incident described in American Sniper involving an individual he referred to as "Scruff Face". In interviews with the Opie and Anthony Show and Bill O'Reilly, Kyle confirmed that the real life individual he was referring to was Jesse Ventura, a Petty Officer Third Class in the U.S. Navy's Underwater Demolition Team (precursor to the modern-day Navy SEALs) in the 1970s, as well as a former professional wrestler and former governor of Minnesota from 1999 to 2003. Kyle claimed that Ventura, then an outspoken critic of the George W. Bush administration, was at McP's Irish Pub & Grill in Coronado, California in 2006 around the same time as a wake for Michael Monsoor, a SEAL who had thrown himself on his own grenade, and that Ventura was "bad-mouthing the war, bad-mouthing Bush, bad-mouthing America." Kyle said he then told Ventura to keep his opinions to himself, to which Ventura retorted that the SEALs "deserved to lose a few guys." According to Kyle, he then punched Ventura to the floor and bolted.
Trouble is, it was a story that Kyle simply couldn't back up, and when he sued for defamation, Ventura was awarded $1.8 million ($500,000 in defamation damages from American Sniper-publisher HarperCollins' libel insurance, which also paid for the Kyle estate's legal fees, and $1,345,477.25 in unjust enrichment from Kyle's estate) by the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota last summer. Kyle's estate was denied an appeal by the District Court and has filed intent to appeal with the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals, while Ventura filed suit against HarperCollins itself last December.
Then there was the story he told to D Magazine, in which he claimed to kill two men who tried to carjack him at a gas station in Cleburne, Texas in January 2010. Kyle said that he waited for the police to arrive, who ran his driver's license, which brought up a phone number for the Department of Defense. When the police called the number and reviewed the surveillance footage, Kyle was free to go.
But when journalist Michael J. Mooney, who wrote the adoring biography The Life and Legend of Chris Kyle: American Sniper, Navy Seal, tried to follow up the story, he concluded that "there's no evidence whatsoever." The Fort Worth Star-Telegram checked with the medical examiner's office, which "reported no such deaths in Cleburne in January 2010".
In the June 2013 The New Yorker, a story was reported in which Kyle claimed to have gone to New Orleans with a fellow Navy SEAL during Hurricane Katrina in 2005, and while perched atop the Superdome, shot down thirty looters. When The New Yorker tried to confirm the story with U.S. Special Forces Operations Command (SOCOM), they were told "there were no West Coast SEALS deployed to Katrina." One of Kyle's own officers responded to the story, saying "it defies the imagination."
As far as the evidence seems to show, Kyle was not unknown to build on his own myth. His soft-spoken persona in interviews suggests a humble, good-natured man, but his stories and the evidence or lack thereof in his stories betrays a the ego of a man who saw himself as the hero of old cowboy movies. Maybe that's how someone in his situation has to see themselves, or maybe there are still pieces of the puzzle unaccounted for.
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Navy SEAL, Chief Petty Officer Chris Kyle |
Regardless of who Chris Kyle was in real life, why do people see the man portrayed by Bradley Cooper, written by Jason Hall and directed by Clint Eastwood, in the movie AMERICAN SNIPER as a hero? If Chris Kyle is a "true American hero," does the movie do a proper job depicting him as a hero? The answer is a resounding 'no.' As a movie, it's morally problematic on many levels. It's essentially the early westerns brought back, when the indigenous people they called "injuns" or "redskins" rode on their horses, whooping and hollering until the Aryan man, sometimes a cavalry soldier, sometimes a simple settler, shot them from their mount with little regard. Only now, the natives are Iraqis, or as Kyle, in the movie and in real life, called them: "savages." It's one thing to take life for the sake of protecting others, but to have a protagonist doing so without a second thought or respect for the implications of that action is immoral and irresponsible. Life seems to have little value for AMERICAN SNIPER's Kyle, except for the live of those Marines that he "couldn't save," but when a friend is killed in combat, not long after expressing doubts about the war, Kyle solemnly blames it on his having lost faith. AMERICAN SNIPER doesn't give a hoot in hell about the complexity and nuances of war, and it cares even less about anyone who does care. In this, and other ways, it is a very lazy piece of filmmaking. In the end, Hall's script and Eastwood's direction do the same disservice to the character of Kyle, using his death as a cheaply emotional bow on top of the whole, without any interest in the implications or effects of his death. It's hollow but dreadfully heavy-handed.
Kyle was shot and killed while trying to help Eddie Ray Routh, a troubled veteran, by taking him out to a shooting range at the Rough Creek Ranch-Lodge-Resort in Erath County Texas. Routh was arrested and charged with murder, awaiting trial this February. AMERICAN SNIPER does not show his death, and while it wants to have the emotional beat, it refuses to actually deal with it. The final scene is one of multiple unintentionally comical moments, dwelling so heavily on Kyle leaving with Routh in his truck, while his wife Taya (played by Sienna Miller) attempts a world record for the longest time to shut a door, as if everyone knows that Kyle is heading for his death, like a lamb to the slaughter. It's an unfortunately missed opportunity, a rich vein of dramatic irony that Chris Kyle, a man who truly lived by the sword (a warrior by trade, and an undeniable gun fetish), died by the sword. Even after his death, Taya Kyle spoke at the 2013 NRA show to continue advocating for gun ownership. One of the most important questions of Kyle's legacy is, what is the importance and place of firearms in our society? What does it mean that a man who was a huge proponent of firearms, died by one? Or that his wife stood by the principles of gun ownership even after his death?
In Taya Kyle's NRA speech, she related Chris' desire to be remembered as "a guy who stood up for what he believed in and helped make a difference for veterans, someone who cared so much about them that he wanted them to be taken care of." That is something heroic. You'd think that would be the primary character arc of Kyle in AMERICAN SNIPER, learning to readjust to civilian life after the war and his work to help veterans. Instead, Kyle's work helping veterans is treated like a grace note to all the 'heroic' carnage of the Iraq War, depicted with one or two short scenes of him mingling with disabled veterans. Finally home for good, Kyle helps veterans, has shower sex, plays with his kids and then leaves to his death, all in the course of ten or fifteen minutes.
If skillfully killing in the name of your country is enough to make a man a hero, then AMERICAN SNIPER and Nation's Pride are all too comparable. Ask yourself, why stand up and cheer at 130 minutes of xenophobia-charged killing, nationalism and cheap emotional beats? Eastwood calls AMERICAN SNIPER "the biggest anti-war statement," depicting what war does to families and soldiers struggling to re-assimilate into ordinary society. His acclaimed 2006 film LETTERS FROM IWO JIMA proves Eastwood's interest in anti-war sentiments, but if he's being honest about his intentions in AMERICAN SNIPER, then his direction of the film is an even greater failure than it appears. Eastwood's a high-profile name and so has been a lightning rod of criticism for the film, but he's less culpable than some, such as Jason Hall, who took Kyle's autobiography and loosely adapted it with cringe-worthy dialogue and a dreadfully inept structure. While most of the film takes place within war scenarios, there's rarely sufficient context to provide stakes or objectives to the scenes, while the film bumbles about aimlessly in a sea of self-important violence and jingoism.
What are we to make of AMERICAN SNIPER? It's a poorly crafted movie, rendered important by a successful awards campaign and a massive box office success. Whether or not it is intended to be, it has become propaganda, made so by the audiences who accept Kyle as a hero on the film's troubling terms. It would not have been imprudent to title it Nation's Pride.
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Bradley Cooper as Chris Kyle in AMERICAN SNIPER. |
Since when does does a vested interest in one's country make them unpatriotic? The suggestion of it is absurd, and yet that's a major sticking point for AMERICAN SNIPER's political champions (there are legitimate critics of film who champion it for apolitical reasons, which can be chalked up to varying tastes). Chris Morgan says: "I'm sick and tired of people like you running your mouth when you have no idea what it takes for this country to maintain our freedoms. If you and anyone like you don't like it, leave." Freedom is not defended by militaristic force alone. Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin were not warriors, and not everyone should be. A free society requires a balance of varied ideas and opinions, and being "proud" to be an American, while neither good nor bad in itself, is not necessarily crucial to an individual's sense of patriotism. National pride can be a dangerous thing if left unchecked (see: World War I), and national interest, and even more so, human interest are more conducive to a healthy society. I'm not going to leave my country just because I thing AMERICAN SNIPER is a bad movie.