SUPERMAN
(also known as: SUPERMAN: THE MOVIE)
Released 15 December 1978
Directed by Richard Donner
Starring: Christopher Reeve, Gene Hackman, Margot Kidder, Marlon Brando, Ned Beatty, Valerie Perrine, Jackie Cooper, Glenn Ford, Marc McClure, Phyllis Thaxter
Rated PG for peril, some mild sensuality and language.
143 minutes
"You will carry me inside you, all the days of your life. You will make my
strength your own, and see my life through your eyes, as your life will
be seen through mine. The son becomes the father, and the father the
son."
It's easy to think back on Richard Donner's 1978 proto-superhero
blockbuster, with Christopher Reeve in his simple blue and red spandex,
and forget that it's actually a pretty good, surprisingly sophisticated movie. It's a
product of the late end of the New Hollywood movement which, from the
late '60s to the early '80s, reinvented the mainstream film industry
with bold directorial visions, new themes, realism and complexity.
However, near the end of the decade, thanks to the influence of
blockbuster filmmakers like Steven Spielberg and George Lucas, and in
the light of real-world disillusionment in the wake of the Vietnam War
and the Watergate scandal, the pessimism of early New Hollywood films
gave way to a nostalgic yearning for a new kind of old-fashioned
entertainment. SUPERMAN, or SUPERMAN: THE MOVIE, as it's sometimes
known, combines elements of '70s disaster films like EARTHQUAKE and
AIRPORT with the old-fashioned pulp fantasy of the previous year's STAR
WARS.

Oddly, before it was an assured success, SUPERMAN was
pitched as the first of two parts, and although in most ways it still
functions as a stand-alone film, but it feels a lot like the first half
of today's usual superhero origin movie. Opening on the planet Krypton,
mysterious and sterile, the prologue actually takes the time to set up
the sequel, as the planet's governing council, of which the wise
scientist Jor-El (Marlon Brando) is a part, condemns a trio of
insurrectionists to life sentences in the "Phantom Zone" (a slightly
amusing effect by today's standards, of a square window into another,
imprisoning dimension). This is entirely inconsequential to this film,
but is a crucial plot point in the sequel. But Jor-El is under the
council's suspicions as well, due to his inconvenient findings of the
planet's imminent and soon-coming destruction. Unable to convince the
council to act, Jor-El and his wife send their infant son in a vessel to
Earth, where his alien molecular structure will make him virtually
indestructible, in addition to other supernatural abilities such as
super strength, flight and x-ray vision. Raised by simple Kansas farm
folk, Jonathan and Martha Kent (Glenn Ford and Phyllis Thaxter), he
eventually learns of his origins. After reaching adulthood, he travels
to the big city of Metropolis to work as a reporter for
The Daily Planet,
and while maintaining his mild-mannered secret identity of Clark Kent
from Smallville, Kansas, he introduces himself to the world as Superman,
the brightly clad savior of those in need.
"I'm here to fight for truth, and justice, and the American way."
"You're gonna end up fighting every elected official in this country!"
Like many of today's
superhero movies, there's some sense of irony to the comic book source
material, and yet, it's in regard to different things than what would
concern today's movies. For instance, the movie mines a lot of humor
from the "golly gee whiz!" attitude of the early comic books and the
popular
Adventures of Superman TV series from the 1950s, such as a
scene where Superman helps a little girl get a cat down from a tree,
and when she runs inside to tell her mom, we overhear the mom say,
"What have I told you about telling lies?", followed by the sound of a slap! Meanwhile, at
The Daily Planet,
contrasting with the goofy naivete of Clark and Jimmy Olsen (Marc
McClure), Lois Lane (Margot Kidder, a highly unconventional but not
necessarily bad choice for the female lead of this film), Clark's crush
and co-worker, is usually working on a story with a sex and violence
angle. At its heart, SUPERMAN is pretty old-fashioned and innocent,
but they work a surprising amount of innuendo which plays very nicely in
the exchanges between Superman and Lois. Possibly the movie's most
famous moment, in which Superman takes Lois out for a nighttime flight
is a predecessor to the upside-down kiss from SPIDER-MAN in terms of
superhero romance, and I think had no small influence on the
"Whole New World"
sequence from Disney's ALADDIN, but the "song" (technically a song, but
not in the typical sense as it's a poem in verse spoken, not sung, by
Kidder)
"Can You Read My Mind" does not play well at all today,
if it even did back then. It's weird and campy in a way that undercuts
the scene, and the lyrics are laughable. The orchestral soundtrack
composed by John Williams, fresh off of STAR WARS the year before,
however is top notch, with the triumphant and old-fashioned fanfare, a
grand and romantic theme for Krypton, and the simple goofiness of a tuba
for the theme of Lex Luthor's flabby, slow-witted henchman, Otis,
played by Ned Beatty.

Especially in comparison to today's
superhero films, the portrayal of the villains is striking. As the
criminal mastermind Lex Luthor, Gene Hackman is both disdainful and
somewhat genial, and only occasionally menacing, but at those brief
moments, he is effective. All his scenes involve his genius villainy
being undercut by incompetent help though, mostly in regards to the
aforementioned Otis, as well as the slightly more able and cynical Eve
Teschmacher (Valerie Perrine), who develops a schoolgirl crush on
Superman and ultimately helps him escape Luthor's clutches. There's a
lot of comedy in SUPERMAN, and most of it comes from the villains. The
best of it, however, comes from Reeve as the cowardly, bumbling bumpkin
alter ego of Clark Kent. One of the funniest scenes occurs when Clark
and Lois are held up by a mugger in an alleyway, and while Lois is
belligerent at the business end of a gun, Clark becomes increasingly
frantic, but manages to catch the attacker's bullet in an instant and
fakes having blacked out from shock.
Marlon Brando, a legend of the screen from the likes of A STREETCAR NAMED DESIRE and two Oscar-winning turns in ON THE WATERFRONT and THE GODFATHER, but notoriously difficult to work with, laid the groundwork for the casting of revered actors like Jack Nicholson in comic book films, which might have otherwise been considered trivial. Despite the little screen time of his nonetheless significant role, Brando received top billing ahead of Hackman (a similarly reputed actor already at the time), with Reeve coming in third, and in a hilariously kooky notion, Brando suggested the Kryptonians appear as green bagels or suitcases. The DreamWorks Animation film MEGAMIND gave Brando's role a pretty good going-over in the role of "Space Dad", and while there are some campy elements like the perfectly coiffed white hair and Brando's slight lisp, his performance is genuinely thoughtful and bears a sense of sage wisdom.

"They can be a great people, Kal-El. They wish to be. They only lack the light to show the way. For this reason above all, their capacity for good, I have sent them you, my only son."
The story is cleanly split into three sections; the first of Superman's infancy and childhood beginning on Krypton to the moment on Earth when, having discovered his alien heritage, he hurls a Kryptonian crystal into the Arctic ice, forming the Fortress of Solitude, where he receives his education from the artificial consciousness of Jor-El. In the second, Superman is revealed to the world and goes about doing good, from as much as preventing major accidents and stopping robberies, to something as small as bringing a child's pet down from a tree. The third and final section brings Superman face to face with his nemesis for the first time, Lex Luthor, who decides to preemptively kill Superman before he can intervene with a nefarious plot.

Superman always works best as a character when he's a savior, as opposed to a warrior, so the trick is setting up the proper climactic disaster for him to not quite avert, but to mitigate. That's really tricky though, and the third act of SUPERMAN is a bit spotty. [On a little bit of a tangent, when Superman receives an ultra-high frequency invitation from Luthor to stop him before he gases the city, Supes, as Clark, slips out a window and onscreen his suit inexplicably fades away to his cape and tights. Maybe he can do that in the comics; I don't know, I've never read them, but it's a little weird. There's also an amusing gag earlier commenting on the old tradition of Superman switching into his costume in phone booths, when he runs to a pay phone and realizes that the idea of phone booths are a bit dated even in 1978 when pay phones were still relevant]. In an extended version of the film, there's a somewhat amusing sequence when Superman arrives at Luthor's lair, a sequence that's specifically designed to showcase Superman's powers as Luthor cracks wise with one-liners like,
"You like dimples? I'll give you dimples," and unleashes a thick hail of machine gun fire on him, which just strolls through, then,
"If you can't stand the heat, get out of the tunnel," and blasts him with flamethrowers, and finally
"Take a chill-pill," as he freezes Superman solid in a block of ice, from which he breaks free. It's a scene that just kind of tickles me, because there's no reason for it to be there (hence it's absence from the theatrical cut), and Luther knows darn well that none of this will faze him, but it's a big special effects sequence that practically breaks the fourth wall in order to show off Superman's invulnerability.
The exchange between the two when Superman enters Luthor's lair is one of the moments where the movie really crackles with energy as Luthor, a character who has so far been mostly comic, gets to embrace a slightly more menacing side, while still maintaining a wry amusement toward it all.
"Is that how a warped brain like yours gets its kicks? By planning the deaths of innocent people?"
"No, by causing the deaths of innocent people."

From the other side, Reeve's presence as Superman in this scene is disarming; it feels like being on the wrong side of a parental scolding. Of course, it's a villain cliche when Luthor explains his whole plan to Superman, but gosh darn it, he does it so well. He has it all mapped out and pretty on the floor, crushing the glass map with a pointer at the spot where a 500 megaton bomb (rerouted while in transport by some disappointingly irresponsible military personnel who become distracted by Miss Teschmacher's outrageous cleavage) will strike the San Andreas Fault, sending the west coast as we know it into the Pacific Ocean. It's a solid scheme, opening up all of Luthor's desert wasteland real estate to a new west coast, but for whatever reason, he opted to send another diversionary missile right for where Miss Teschmacher's mom lives and failed to keep an eye on his obviously disgruntled employee/girlfriend after he tosses a Kryptonite-laden Superman into the pool to drown. Negligence was Luthor's
real crime, if you ask me.
The big destruction scenes are still impressive, especially when Superman flies directly into the glowing molten rock of the San Andreas Fault to pull the tectonic plates back together. Disaster films were very much in vogue in the '70s, and SUPERMAN delivers on that front, with the fracturing of the Hoover Dam and a resulting flood, huge fissures in the ground, and even Lois Lane, driving out on a desert road to report on the mysterious buyer (Lex Luthor) of swathes of land, is lost when her car is swallowed up by one of these crevices, slowly and agonizingly burying her in her car full of dirt. It's an impressive moment, hearkening back to an earlier moment in the film when a young Clark Kent laments the death by heart attack of his adoptive father,
"All those things I can do. All those powers, and I couldn't even save him." Rushing around to save cities and millions of people, Superman is still unable to save the one person he cares about most, and it could be a powerful moment, except that he decides to completely reverse time by orbiting Earth at tremendous speed so that Lois is never buried in the car in the first place. The flying around the Earth effect looks great (it was originally intended to wrap up the second film, but was moved to the first one in case it wasn't financially successful), but the plot point sucks. It's a cheat. If it isn't a "time travel movie", it's almost always a better idea to leave time travel out of it, because it nullifies the meaning of any consequences when they can be reversed.
"It is forbidden for you to interfere with human history."
SUPERMAN has to be taken in with some understanding. In many ways, it's sophisticated film from a general standpoint, but credit is also due as it set the groundwork for the modern superhero movie. Before it, the most notable comic book-based movie was probably the 1966 feature film to the
Batman TV series, BATMAN: THE MOVIE, which was a wholly different kind of beast, a campy comedy spun off from a TV show. There had been the '50s TV series starring George Reeves (I've never seen the actual show, but I have seen the
I Love Lucy episode when Reeves showed up for Ricky Jr.'s birthday party), and lots of superhero characters appeared in cheaply produced serials in the '40s, but SUPERMAN is the first big budget Hollywood production of a comic book movie, and one which treats the material with real legitimacy.
Top 3 of SUPERMAN
- Christopher Reeve is Superman- As Clark Kent, Reeve is a very genuinely funny physical comedian, and as Superman, he has just the right combination of innocence, commanding presence and nobility.
- Original Musical Score by John Williams- Yet another iconic musical score by John Williams, the main fanfare is deserving of its status as one of the all time great movie main themes.
- Lex Luthor Educates Superman- The whole scene from when Superman arrives at Luthor's lair, as Luthor reveals his plan, hangs the Kryptonite pendant around his neck and attempts to drown the Man of Steel, right up until Superman escapes is just a blast in the beautiful abandoned subway station set, with the interplay between Reeve and Hackman, and the presence of real threat. It doesn't have much in the way of special effects, but it's a thrill nonetheless.
Bottom 3 of SUPERMAN
- "Can You Read My Mind"- "Can you read my mind? Do you know what it is that you do to me? I don't know who you are. Just a friend from another star." Ugh, it's gross.
- Time Travel Superman- Okay, well I guess if things ever get really bad, we always know that Superman can just fix it by reversing time. That's just great.
- N/A- I don't know. There are a lot of little things, but there's nothing worthwhile that comes to mind as a third.
SUPERMAN II
Released 19 June 1981
Directed by Richard Lester
Starring: Christopher Reeve, Gene Hackman, Margot Kidder, Terence Stamp, Sarah Douglas, Jack O'Halloran, Valerie Perrine, Jackie Cooper, Ned Beatty
Rated PG for unspecified reasons (sequences of action violence, some language, smoking and brief mild sensuality).
127 minutes
"Kneel before Zod!"
SUPERMAN II was planned and partially shot at the same time as the first film, but director Richard Donner didn't get along well with his producers Alexander and Ilya Salkind and Pierre Spengler, so during the production of SUPERMAN, another director, Richard Lester, acted as a mediator between them. SUPERMAN II was shot over two separate periods, and prior to the second period, Donner either willingly departed or was fired, leaving Lester to complete the majority of shooting. Donner was uncredited for his work on the sequel, and while Marlon Brando had already finished all his scenes with Donner, a lawsuit he'd filed for profits of the first film he believed he was due resulted in his scenes being cut from SUPERMAN II. In 2006, Richard Donner's footage and his vision for the film, as much as it could be recreated, was restored in a new and completely redefining cut released as SUPERMAN II: THE RICHARD DONNER CUT. As such, there are two perfectly legitimate versions of this film, but I only had time for one of them. I don't think I've ever seen THE RICHARD DONNER CUT, but for now I rewatched the original theatrical version credited to Richard Lester, since I think there's a better argument for it as the official canon of the series.
Lester previously directed A HARD DAY'S NIGHT and HELP!, both starring the Beatles, and worked with the Salkinds on another double feature shoot of THE THREE MUSKETEERS (1973) and THE FOUR MUSKETEERS (1974; check them out sometime, they're both fun, solid adventure action-comedies), and his sensibilities are polished but somewhat more comedic than Donner's. He's definitely more playful with the material, which can also be taken as less reverential, so Donner is usually the preference of Superman fans.

The first film opens with a scene that is disconnected from the rest of its plot, showing the sentencing of three radicals on Krypton, led by the megalomaniacal General Zod (Terence Stamp), with his right-hand woman Ursa (Sarah Douglas) and the dimwitted brute Non (Jack O'Halloran), cast out into the Phantom Zone by Superman's father, Jor-El. This sets up SUPERMAN II, and yet, this scene is repeated in somewhat lackluster fashion in the opening of this film, glaringly absent of Brando, while the opening credits then recap the events of the first film, again, glaringly absent of Brando (Superman's mother Lara, played by Susannah York, replaces him as the parental figure). When Superman intervenes with a terrorist plot, hurling their hydrogen bomb into outer space, the explosion breaks the Kryptonian trio free, and they subsequently travel to Earth with world conquering still very much on their minds, and now with abilities that are equivalent to the Man of Steel.
"So this is planet Houston."
Meanwhile, reporting alongside Clark Kent, Lois Lane begins to have suspicions about him and Superman, and while doing some undercover reporting at a Niagara Falls resort, his cover is blown. No longer forced to hide, he takes Lois to the Fortress of Solitude where he forsakes his powers in order to live an ordinary life and they consummate their love. A lot of this is pretty convenient, to be honest, introducing new plot elements when necessary, and sometimes even when unnecessary to further drive the point home. Ironically, while the first film was ahead enough to set up the sequel's plot, SUPERMAN II sees fit to repeat that scene and then makes up a lot of exposition as it goes along. I'll buy that a nuclear blast will break open the Phantom Zone, but when a recording in the Fortress of Solitude specifies it, it brings to the foreground how goofy that is, that Superman should be aware that hurling WMDs into space could potentially unleash a trio of supervillains, and it just so happens that when he threw that one, Zod and company were flying past. Just let it happen and don't bring it up, because then you're making a big deal of it. A similar issue, but one that I think works better anyway is that of Superman's logically flimsy secret identity, parting his hair to the other side and putting on some glasses, but nobody seems to notice, and the suspension of disbelief usually works. SUPERMAN II is notably more campy than its predecessor, in part because of these kinds of plot points, and also because Lester's sensibilities are just more humorous, and in contrast to Donner's.
"They've killed Superman! What are we gonna do now?"
"Let's go get 'em ourselves! C'mon, I know some judo!"
The idea of the hero forsaking his abilities to live a normal life, something in the vein of
The Last Temptation of Christ, particularly where Superman is concerned, has been done better in later superhero sequels that it influenced (SPIDER-MAN 2, for instance), but credit is due for laying the groundwork. On the other hand, Superman's debate, first whether to become an ordinary person, and then whether it's better to live an ordinary life with Lois or alone as Superman, is disappointingly short-lived. Soon after Superman, or rather, merely Clark, and Lois return to civilization (how is not clear, giving that he flew her out to the Fortress of Solitude in the middle of the Arctic), Clark gets the crap beat out of him by a bullying trucker and his regrets are not exactly subtle. Worse, at about the same time, Zod and his cohorts have arrived on Earth and begun staking a claim to the planet by way of intimidation and destruction. Lex Luthor has also escaped from prison and discovered the Fortress of Solitude, hatches an opportunistic scheme to offer his services to Zod as having an inside track to the only one who can possibly stop them: Superman.
Zod isn't much of a conqueror, finding out soon after subjugating the President of the United States on TV and setting up residence in the White House that ruling a planet isn't very exciting without someone putting up a fight about it. Terence Stamp isn't a great actor, rarely deviating from a very straightforward line delivery in his low, commanding voice, but given the right role, he makes an effective screen presence, and General Zod is exactly the right role. Even though Non is the dumb one of the trio, Zod never seems terribly bright himself and motivated by little more than his own intense narcissism. The villains are occasionally played with a 'fish out of water' angle, and when Luthor shows up, it's a new variation on the villain and his henchmen dynamic from the first film. Luthor's still the smart one, but now he's the flunky. The comedy in this case is less cartoony than the buffoonish antics of Ned Beatty, who gets left in the penitentiary when Luthor makes his escape, and the interplay has definitely improved.
"Even with all this accumulated knowledge, when will these dummies learn to use a door knob?"
Like the first film, there is a big plot cop-out, where it's made explicitly clear before he forsakes his powers that there would be no going back. Obviously, no one in the audience actually believes that, but one would hope that getting back his powers would be a little trickier than picking the right crystal to restore them off-screen.

The climactic battle between Superman and Zod, Ursa and Non is fascinating from today's perspective where epic, physically impossible and destructive (sometimes too destructive as in the case of a certain later Superman movie) battles between super beings are the order of the day, rendered in state-of-the-art CGI and massive special effects budgets. The battle in SUPERMAN II has ambitions about equal to today's superhero movies, at least the ones from about 10 years ago like Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy, but is forced within the bounds of 1980 technology. The battle frequently bounces between shots of one of the Kryptonians hurling something big at citizens, or sometimes hurling citizens, then cutting to Superman catching them, and shots of either Superman or one of the other Kryptonians dealing a blow to the other, then cutting to them hitting a building or a truck with destructive impact. Action shot, then cut to impact shot, and repeat. Ironically, after Superman makes a point to Lois in the first film that,
"You really shouldn't smoke, Miss Lane," the production infamously accepted a reported $42,500 in exchange for a prominent brand presence in the film that most notably included a shot of Superman being thrown into a Marlboro truck with the brand logo prominently emblazoned across it (in spite of the fact that tobacco shipping vehicles are unmarked for security reasons). Later in the same scene, a taxi can be seen in the background with a Marlboro advertisement, and throughout the movie, Lois Lane smokes cigarettes, without comment from a judgemental Superman this time. The paid 22 appearances of the brand in the film, unmistakably aimed at a youth audience, later led to a congressional investigation of Marlboro.
SUPERMAN II is usually taken as a superior sequel to the original, and while it does do some interesting things that later contributed heavily to the modern superhero genre, it's more scattershot than the first film, largely because of the dual shoot with two different directors, but also because it tries to do a lot more, and doesn't always find the right balance between all of it. It's another movie that is more interesting for the groundwork it lays than for what it is in itself. These two films were originally conceived as all part of one gigantic epic, which is such an interesting idea coming out of the New Hollywood of the 1970s.
"Good afternoon, Mr. President. Sorry I've been away so long. I won't let you down again."
Top 3 of SUPERMAN 2
- Superman Comes Clean- Even though it proves to be temporary, there's a pleasant sense of relief and a sweetness to Clark/Superman bonding with Lois when his secret identity becomes known. It's just nice.
- "Garbage Eating Garbage"- This moment makes me laugh a lot harder than it really should, when Clark, newly re-endowed with his powers, returns to the diner where Rocky (Pepper Martin), the bullying trucker is berating the kitchen staff, calling the food garbage. Bespectacled, nerdy Clark walks in and says, "Gee, that's funny. I've never seen garbage eating garbage before." Another great laugh line is when the president whispers, "Oh, God," and Zod, narcissistic as ever, responds, "Zod!"
- "Bye-bye, Baby!"- I like the flippant way that Lois decides to bet her life on Clark secretly being Superman, cracking, "Bye-bye, baby!" as she jumps over the guardrail into the Niagara Falls river with absurd self-assurance.
Bottom 3 of SUPERMAN II
- Superman Gets His Powers Back- It isn't so much that he gets his powers back. Everyone knows that no matter what Lara says, Superman will have some way of going back on his decision, but couldn't they have come up with some better way of getting there. Have there be some sort of loophole or sacrifice he can make. Once again, consequences are entirely inconsequential.
- Tonal Inconsistencies- It's more coherent than you might expect for a split production between two directors, but it's still pretty uneven, the use of body doubles is occasionally shoddy and Margot Kidder's famously troubled personal life results in distinct physical difference between her Donner scenes and Lester scenes.
- Ending in the Fortress of Solitude- I don't mind Superman throwing a weird magical cellophane 'S' shield at Non, tangling him up. It's a bit funny and it reminds me of a Fruit Roll-Up. But what's with the dry ice pit that Superman throws the de-powered Kryptonians into? Is it just water beneath the ice? Is it a portal? Did he just kill them? What was that all about?